Question 3 – Citation Style Manager

In scientific publications, a reference to a previous work (source) that is discussed in the manuscript is called a citation. In different scientific disciplines, and sometimes even different journals, different so-called citation styles are used. The citation style defines how a citation is formatted. We will consider two different citation styles in this question:

·         APA style: citation style of the American Psychological Association (https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide), see also Wikipedia page (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APA_style). This style is widely used in Psychology and Social Sciences.

·         IEEE: citation style of the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is used in IEEE journals which cover engineering and related disciplines (https://pitt.libguides.com/citationhelp/ieee). See the Learning Materials/Coursework folder on Learning Central for more information on the IEEE style.

There are two main aspects to a publication where citation styles apply:

1. In-text citations: These are used in the text body whenever one refers to, summarises, paraphrases, or quotes from another source. This is an example from Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APA_style) for a sentence including an in-text citation of a paper by Schmidt and Oh in APA format:

                In our postfactual era, many members of the public fear that the findings of science are not        real (Schmidt & Oh, 2016).

In IEEE format, references are given as numbers in square brackets. Example:

                This is compounded by the fact that the field is evolving from work performed by an       individual that does data science to a team that does data science [1].

2. Reference list: In a scientific publication, the last section is typically the References section, which provides full details on the in-text citations. For instance, the full reference corresponding to the Schmidt & Oh (2016) in-text citation above would be:

                Schmidt, F. L., & Oh, I.-S. (2016). The crisis of confidence in research         findings in           psychology: Is lack of replication the real problem? Or is it        something else? Archives of        Scientific Psychology, 4(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1037/arc0000029

In an article using IEEE format, every reference in the reference list needs to be numbered:

                1. J. Saltz, "The Need for New Processes Methodologies and Tools to       Support Big Data             Teams and Improve Big Data Project Effectiveness", Big Data Conference, 2015.